Keratoconus: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Bhopal
Introduction
Normally, the cornea has a dome shape, like a ball. Sometimes, however, the structure of the cornea is just not strong enough to hold this round shape and the cornea bulges outward and downward like a cone. This condition is called keratoconus.
Presentation
This usually starts in the teenage years. It can, though, begin in childhood or in people up to about age 30.
The changes in the shape of the cornea can happen quickly or may occur over several years. Patients complain of blurred vision, glare haloes and other visual disturbances.
Cause
The underlying cause is unknown in most cases although eye allergies in childhood and frequent eye rubbing is a risk factor associated. There is weakening of the collagen bonds present in cornea due to oxidative stress and damage.
Diagnosis
Detailed eye examination and some investigations like corneal topography and pachymetry are useful to diagnose and grade this disease.
Treatment
It aims to stabilize or reverse the ectasia. KERATOCONUS is a progressive condition and C3R ( corneal collagen crosslinking with riboflavin ) is a procedure that stops it from progressing.
Special types of contact lenses like RGP lenses and scleral lenses are used to provide patients with good quality vision as spectacles are usually not effective.
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